Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant that is indicated for major depressive disorder. This drug acts by inhibition of reuptake of neurotransmitters like Norepinephrine and dopamine. Weight loss and sedation are the two important side effects that are commonly observed with this drug.
Hi everyone today in this video we are going to discuss about bupropion we will discuss how this drug acts as atypical antidepressant bupropion is one of the drug which is classified as atypical antidepressant this drug is particularly used in the treatment of major depressive disorder which is associated with few of the depressive symptoms like insomnia lack
Of sleep and either increase or decrease in the appetite so particularly in the patients we can observe a loss of weight because of loss of appetite otherwise in fact the patients we can also observe an unexpected weight gain so both of these symptoms may be associated with the depression and few of the other symptoms like agitation mental retardation another
Important symptom is the pessimism the negative thoughts on the patients and loss of liberal fitting feeling of guilt which is one of the important indicator of the depression and apathy lack of initiation suicidal initiation all these are the symptoms of depression and when these symptoms are persisting in the patients drugs like antidepressants are given but
Among these antidepressants bupropion is one of the atypical antidepressant with somewhat better profile compared with the typical antipsychotics but still this drug can increase the suicidal initiation so this drug should be carefully given and it is prescribed in the initial stages of the depression apart from this antidepressant action bupropion can also be
Used to terminate the smoking so for cessation of smoking bupropion can be used what is the structure of propion this drug is coming from the other drug like diethyl propion so bupropion is having a structure like this so here the suffix propion indicates it is having the a ketone group with propyl side change so here you can observe the keto group and this is
The second carbon is the third carbon so it is a proper derivative so if we write the name the suffix is nothing but propanol to this proper noun at the second portion an amino group is attached which is further substitute with the tertiary butyl group so we can write this as 2 dash distribution minor and at the first portion is having a simple phenyl ring with
A chlorine at the third position so we can write this as 1-3 chlorophenyl so that is a simple name of the propion is the two tester butyl amino 1-3 chlorophenyl propanol so bupropion is a proper derivative with distribution amino group at the second position now let us see how this drug acts even the exact mechanism is unknown bupropion is thought to inhibit the
Reuptake of two important mediators within the cns one is norepinephrine and sickening is the dopamine so this is a pre-synaptic nervous terminal which is going to store the neurotransmitter that is norepinephrine this norepinephrine can be released and can act on the post-synaptic neurons which are equipped with either alpha or beta receptors now when the calcium
Enters into the presynaptic neural terminal due to the action potential the neurotransmitters are going to be released by exocytosis now this norepinephrine can be released and it can act on the either alpha or beta receptors which is the post-synaptic action in this way the signal can be transmitted from the presynaptic neurons to the postsynaptic neurons within
The cns through the norepinephrine neurotransmitter but the action of this norepinephrine that is going to be released is going to be controlled by reuptake into the nerve terminal so here one of the transporter is the net norepinephrine transporter this is a reuptake transporter which can take the norepinephrine again back into the neural terminal such that the
Action of norepinephrine is going to be terminated now this release norepinephrine can be reuptaked into the nerve terminal through this nat such that its action is going to be terminated similarly we consider the type of presynaptic neurons these are the dopaminergic neurons which are going to store the dopamine and this document can act on the post-synaptic
Neurons these post-synaptic neurons are again equipped with the dopamine receptors and within the cns the postsynaptic neurons may be equipped with more than one type of receptors such that they can be activated by different types of neurons now again by exocytosis this dopamine can be released and dopamine molecule can bind to this dopamine receptors such that
It produces a postsynaptic activation but just like the norepinephrine again on the dopaminergic neurons one type of transporter is present that is the dopamine transporter which can bring the reuptake of the released dopamine now this dopamine can be reuptaked into the negative terminal through this dopamine transporter in this way the action of mediators like
The norepinephrine and dopamine is controlled by reuptake into the nerve terminal now here bupropion shows its action this duck can bind to this nora preferent transporter as well as drop mine transporter such that it can inhibit the acute of these two transporters when these two transporters are inhibited it results in the increased levels of norepinephrine as
Well as dopamine within the synaptic cleft in this way bupropion can increase the transmission of both norepinephrine as well as dopamine and when the levels of these neurotransmitters are increased within the cns it results in the elevation of the mood in the patients what are the precautions one of the important precautions of the propion is the psychotic
Symptoms this bupropion when it is going to be used for treatment it can develop few of the psychotic symptoms like hallucinations delusions and even mental confusion impaired concentration can also be observed in the patients so this drug can produce the psychotic symptoms or it can induce the psychosis in the patients at the same time when this drug is given
For the bipolar depression it can increase the manic phase in the patients so what is a mania man is a condition of hyper excitability where we can observe the irritability in the patient’s hyperactivity and poor judgment even easy distractions all this can be observed in the mania which is quite opposite to the depression so when this bupropion is given in the
Bipolar depressive disorder it can increase the manic phase so in these two conditions such as psychosis and mania the propion should be carefully given another important precaution bupropion can increase the suicidal risk that’s why the treatment should be carefully monitored and you can also produce few of the allergic reactions which may bring fever rashes
And if you have the painful conditions like the arthralgia and myalgia joint and muscle pains can be observed with the bupropion so these are the delayed hypersensitive reactions that can be observed with this drug so whenever this drug is going to prescribe any hypersensitive reaction should be thoroughly checked another important precaution of this drug is
That bupropion can increase the weight loss as well as it can also increase the agitation in the patients many of the antidepressants produce a variety of side effects but one of the important side effect of propion is the weight loss this weight loss produced by bupropion can be attributed to activation of the pomc neurons pre-opio melanocotyl neurons which are
Going to control the appetite so by activation of these pomc neurons peptide is going to be reduced which results in the loss of weight what are the side effects the important side effects include dry mouth constipation nausea and vomiting headache another important thing is that this drug can increase the agitation and it can also produce tremors in the patients
Similarly this drug can also produce a disturbance in the sleep resulting in the insomnia and dizziness and you can also increase the blood pressure resulting in the hypertension but in few of the patients it can also reduce the blood pressure and palpitations awareness of heartbeat can also be observed and the important side effect is the weight loss this weight
Loss is because of its action on the pre opioid melanocotine activation which may result in the weight loss and fear of the allergy reactions like the skin rashes and arthritis can also be observed with bupropyo similarly propion can also produce the sedation how it is given this drug is available as a tablet at different strengths like 100 mg 200 mg and these
Tablets are particularly used for the treatment of depression and this dog is also available as a sr tablet which is available at a dose of 150 mg sr tablet is nothing but the sustain release tablet which is having an outer coat and this outer coat makes the drug to be released slowly for a prolonged period of time particularly this formation is used for cessation
Of the smoking in the patients in this way bupropion is one of the drug which is used to treat the depression as well as for cessation of the smoking but it is mainly approved for treatment of depression where it can control the depressive symptoms in the patients but this can increase the weight loss and it can increase the agitation psychotic symptoms even it
Can increase the suicidal initiation with these precautions bupropion should be carefully given and since it is an atypical anti-represent this drug shows better therapeutic profile compared with the typical antipsychotics so that’s about bupropion hope you have enjoyed this video if you like this video please subscribe to our channel share this video with your
Friends post your comments in the comment box thank you for watching this video
Transcribed from video
Bupropion – Mechanism, side effects, precautions and uses By egpat
