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This is chapter five neuro, and in this video, we’ll be talking about sedatives and hypnotics. sedatives and hypnotics are basically the same thing. lower doses, while hypnotics are used at higher doses. they aboth basically just mean sleeping pills. here are the medications we’ll be going over in this video. tylenol pm, which contains acetaminophen, which is used
For pain, and then diphenhydramine, which is the sedative-hypnotic. diphenhydramine is actually a first-generation antihistamine, and we’re not using it for stuffy noses or anything like that; we’re using it because of the side effect that it has which is causing drowsiness. agonist, that’s the class, and the drug is ramelteon and the brand name is rozerem. we remember
That because ‘roze-‘ rhymes with doze, and you can think of -rem like rem sleep, which is the good kind of sleep. there are also two benzodiazepine-like sedative/hypnotics that we’ll talk about today. one is eszopiclone, which is lunesta, zolpidem – one is the ambien which is short acting, and then the ambien cr is the extended release. it starts working in about the same
Amount of time as the zolpidem or ambien but it just lasts a little bit longer. that one can hep with sleep onset and sleep maintenance. that also provides pain relief is?’ a) is ramelteon benzodiazepine like medication which is eszopiclone, c) is the zlpidem, and d) is tylenol pm . of all of these medications, the only one that provides pain relief and sedation is the
Tylenol pm which contains the acetamin for pain relief, which is a non-opioid analgesic, and the diphenhydramine, which provides sedation. now, we’re going to go through these same answers in order but we’re going to make each answer correct by changing the question. ‘a sedative-hypnotic that mimics melatonin?’ it works on melatonin receptors as an agonist is incorrect,
The eszopiclone and zolpidem because those are benzodiazepine like we just alluded to, the acetaminophen/diphenhydramine is a non-narcotic analgesic with an antihistamine ramelteon is the one that mimics melatonin and we can remember also that’s the rozerem, ‘roz-‘ rhymes with doze and ‘-rem’ reminds you of rem sleep. to make b) correct, eszopiclone, ‘a patient tells you
They were recently started on a benzodiazepine-like sedative that causes a metallic taste, which causes a mettalic taste?’ b) eszopiclone is the culprit. this is one of the medications that can cause a metallic taste as kind of a funky the ramelteon on does not cause it and is not a benzodiazepine like sedative, and neither is the acetaminophen/diphenhydramine, so we can
Cross those out. the zolpidem is a benzodiazepine like medication, but there is no side effect that deals with the metallic taste. the question is ‘a sedative hypnotic with multiple formulations that helps with sleep onset and sleep maintenance?’ a) is incorrect, the ramelteon because it’s only used for sleep onset. the acetaminophen/diphenhydramine is also only used for
Sleep onset, and so we’re down to the eszopiclone and zolpidem. the eszopiclone does help and with sleep onset and sleep maintenance, but there’s only one we alluded to before, the zolpidem is available as ambien which can help with sleep onset and then ambien cr which works for a little bit longer and that helps with sleep onset and sleep maintenance.
Transcribed from video
(CC) Sedative Hypnotics Zolpidem vs Ramelteon (CH 5 NEURO NAPLEX / NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW) By Tony PharmD
